General Dentistry is AGD's peer-reviewed journal. Published bimonthly, General Dentistry presents research and clinical findings to support the full range of procedures that general dentists perform on a regular basis.

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November/December 2014

Table of Contents

Special section on cosmetic dentistry

  • Tooth Whitening/Bleaching Conservative cosmetic dentistry post-trauma

    Nicholas Marongiu, DDS
    Todd Cochran, AAACD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):26.

    This article presents a case involving trauma with delayed root canal therapy on tooth No. 9, which produced a very dark front tooth, and the conservative treatment plan chosen to correct the dark color through the use of nonvital bleaching and feldspathic veneers requiring zero or minimal preparation.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • The Science of Color Shade evaluation of ceramic laminates according to different try-in materials

    Lawrence Gonzaga Lopes, DDS, MS, PhD
    Maysa Magalhaes Vaz, DDS
    Ana Paula Rodrigues Magalhaes, DDS
    Paula Carvalho Cardoso, DDS, MS, PhD
    Joao Batista de Souza, DDS, MS, PhD
    Erica Miranda de Torres, DDS, MS, PhD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):32.

    This study sought to evaluate the shade of ceramic veneers produced by different try-in materials: no material, water, water-soluble gel, and a try-in paste. No significant statistical differences were found among the groups, indicating that the different try-in materials had similar effects on the color of the ceramic laminates.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Esthetics/Cosmetic Dentistry Achieving highly esthetic anterior restorations with ideal assessment, communication, and technique

    Scott Finlay, DDS, FAGD, FAACD
    Nelson Rego, CDT, AAACD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):36. 

    Microesthetics are those criteria related to the subtle intricacies of shade, textures, translucencies, and surface effects that make teeth look like teeth. The utilization of a common nomenclature and quantitative means of communication between the restorative dentist and the laboratory ceramist are at the core of success. The use of cross-polarization filters eliminates spectral artifacts typically found in flash photography, and the use of a color-corrected master die system provides the ceramist a method to calibrate shades on the lab bench by capturing images that are similar to what is observed clinically.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Veneers A minimally invasive smile enhancement

    Fred H. Peck, DDS
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):42.

    The article describes the diagnosis, treatment options, and procedural techniques in the restoration of 4 maxillary anterior teeth with direct composite resin, in regards to placing the composite and the variety of colors needed to ensure a natural result. Finishing and polishing is critical to a natural looking dentition.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • The Science of Color Comparison between visual and instrumental methods for natural tooth shade matching

    Welson Pimentel, DDS, MSc
    Rodrigo Tiossi, DDS, PhD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):47. 

    This study compared the accuracy of shade matching by both visual and instrumental methods to determine whether the instrumental method would significantly improve shade matching. Shade matching by clinicians using the instrumental method presented more agreement, and was more effective, than shade matching by clinicians using the visual method.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Esthetics/Cosmetic Dentistry Diagnosis, treatment, and risk management for a victim of domestic abuse: a case report

    Richard W. Featherstone, DDS, AAACD, FAGD, AFAAID
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):50.

    A 37-year-old woman was referred to the author by the American Academy of Cosmetic Dentistry’s “Give Back a Smile” program. The woman presented with a broken jaw and fractured teeth. This case report describes the treatment planning decisions and a successful outcome.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Veneers Direct or indirect composite veneers in anterior teeth: which method causes higher tooth mass loss? An in vitro study


    Alessandra Nunes Machado, DDS
    Fabio Herrmann Coelho-de-Souza, DDS, MSD, PhD
    Juliana Nunes Rolla, DDS, MSD, PhD
    Maria Carolina Guilherme Erhardt, DDS, MSD, PhD
    Flavio Fernando Demarco, DDS, PhD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):55.

    This in vitro study sought to quantify the different mass loss from preparation techniques used for direct and indirect veneers. Teeth undergoing veneer preparations demonstrated a statistically significant mass loss compared to unprepared teeth. Indirect ceramic veneer preparations produced more mass loss than direct composite veneer preparations (P ≤ 0.01).
    Full Article (PDF)

Departments

  • Editorial Professional growth

    Roger D. Winland, DDS, MS, MAGD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):8.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Guest Editorial Relevance in the 21st century

    James H. Hastings, DDS
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):10. 
    Full Article (PDF)
  • To the editor Perpetuating old myths

    Robert D. Frey, DDS, MAGD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):14.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Minimally Invasive Dentistry Only informed patients can decide what serves them best

    Mark Malterud, DDS, MAGD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):15.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Restorative Dentistry Local anesthesia for restorative dentistry

    Roger A. Solow, DDS
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):18
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Esthetics Predictable replacement of failing porcelain restorations

    Wynn Okuda, DMD, FAACD, FICD, FICOI
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):21.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Ethics Gifts from patients

    Toni M. Roucka, DDS, MA, FACD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):24.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Answers Self-Instruction exercises No. 340, 341, and 342.

    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):80
    Full Article (PDF)

Clinical Articles

  • SELF-INSTRUCTION

    Fissurotomy (Micro) Dentistry Approaches to managing asymptomatic enamel and dentin cracks

    Samer S. Alassaad, DDS
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):58. 

    This article reviews asymptomatic enamel and dentin cracks, and presents current management approaches of asymptomatic cracks utilized by a sample of general dentists. Becoming familiar with all forms of asymptomatic enamel and dentin cracks is crucial in order to control the potential detrimental effects of these cracks on the dentition.
    Full Article (PDF)
    Self-Instruction Exercise No. 358
  • SELF-INSTRUCTION

    Pharmacotherapeutics Perspective of cardiologists on the continuation or discontinuation of antiplatelet therapy before dental treatment: a questionnaire-based study

    Ruchi Banthia, MDS
    Pallavi Singh
    Priyank Banthia, MDS 
    Rajbhan Singh, MBBS, DMd
    Santosh Gupta
    Sapna Raje
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):64. 

    Antiplatelet and anticoagulant agents have been extensively used for the prevention and management of arterial and venous thrombi. These medications are associated with an increase in bleeding time and risk of intraoperative and postoperative hemorrhage in the dental office. A survey of 50 cardiologists was conducted regarding suggested guidelines for dentists in the management of patients who are taking anticoagulant medication.
    Full Article (PDF)
    Self-Instruction Exercise No. 359
  • SELF-INSTRUCTION

    Anesthesia and Pain Control Mepivacaine: a closer look at its properties and current utility

    William G. Brockmann, DDS, PhD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):70. 

    Mepivacaine is commonly used in medically compromised patients in a formulation with a vasoconstrictor, or in pediatric populations in a formulation without a vasoconstrictor. It is important to understand the unique pharmacologic characteristics of mepivacaine in order to minimize the potential for inadvertent toxicity.
    Full Article (PDF)
    Self-Instruction Exercise No. 360
  • Cracked Tooth & Restorations A direct approach for fabrication of a provisional restoration immediately after tooth preparation for custom cast dowel and core

    Kunwarjeet Singh, BDS, MDS
    Nidhi Gupta, BDS, MDS
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):77.

    This article describes a direct procedure for fabricating a provisional restoration (with a prefabricated temporary titanium post and an acrylic resin denture tooth) immediately after a tooth has been prepared for a custom cast dowel and core. This technique produces excellent clinical results while being less time-consuming than an indirect approach.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Anesthesia and Pain Control The efficacy of 2 different doses of dexamethasone to control postoperative swelling, trismus, and pain after third molar extractions

    Cicero Newton Lemos Felicio Agostinho, MSc 
    Vanessa Camila da Silva, PhD
    Etevaldo Matos Maia Filho, PhD 
    Maria Luiza Cruz, PhD 
    Eider Guimaraes Bastos, PhD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e1.

    This article addresses the effect of 2 different concentrations (4 and 12 mg) of dexamethasone to control pain, swelling, and trismus after third molar surgery. The results showed no significant differences (α = 0.05) between the analyzed variables for the 2 doses of dexamethasone.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Dental Materials Clinical evaluation of silorane-based and dimethacrylate-based resin composites: 1-year follow-up

    M. Jacinta M.C. Santos, DDS, MSc, PhD 
    Abraham Kunnilathu, BDS, CRCA
    Shawn Steele, DDS
    Gildo C. Santos Jr., DDS, MSc, PhD 
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e6.

    This study sought to evaluate the 1-year clinical performance of silorane-based and dimethacrylate-based Class II resin composite restorations using 2 bonding strategies. Both systems demonstrated acceptable clinical performance after 1 year.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Dental Materials Cytotoxicity of dentin bonding agents

    Ebru Cal, DDS, PhD
    Pelin Guneri, DDS, PhD
    Ayse Atay, DDS, PhD 
    Vildan Bozok Cetintas, PhD 
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e11.

    This study sought to evaluate the cytotoxicity of 5 dentin bonding agents (Admira Bond, Adper Single Bond Plus, Clearfil SE Bond, Clearfil S3 Bond, and Heliobond). All 5 materials were evaluated as severely cytotoxic on the first day. With the exception of Adper Single Bond Plus, toxicity continued to Day 28 for all compounds. The utmost care must be taken to prevent contact between dental bonding agents and adjacent tissues.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Crown Lengthening Surgery Surgical crown lengthening: a periodontal and restorative interdisciplinary approach

    Simran R. Parwani, MDS
    Rajkumar N. Parwani, MDS
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e15.

    This article presents 2 cases that involve surgical crown lengthening (including mucoperiosteal flap and ostectomy) for the restoration of teeth. The sequence of events stresses the importance of communication between the restorative dentist and the periodontist.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Tooth Whitening/Bleaching Surface roughness of different composite resins subject to in-office bleaching

    Andre Fabio Vasconcelos Moro, BDS, MSc
    Maira do Prado, BDS, MSc, PhD
    Renata Antoun Simao, MSc, PhD
    Katia Regina Hostilio Cervantes Dias, BDS, MSc, PhD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e20

    This study used atomic force microscopy to evaluate the effects of an in-office dental bleaching protocol on the surface roughness of 3 resins: microfilled, microhybrid, and nanofilled. Based on the results, it was concluded that in-office bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide-based gel increased the surface roughness of microfilled, microhybrid, and nanofilled resins significantly.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Dental Materials An in vitro comparison of antimicrobial toothbrushes

    Jeremy D. Hamal, DDS, MS
    Donna M. Hensley, BS
    Steven C. Maller, DDS, MS
    Daniel J. Palazzolo, DDS, MS
    Kraig S. Vandewalle, DDS, MS
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e24. 

    The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of toothbrushes that advertise self-disinfecting, antimicrobial properties due to the inclusion of silver nanoparticles or chlorhexidine in the bristles. The chlorhexidine-coated toothbrushes had significantly greater percent reduction in S. mutans compared to the control or silver nanoparticle toothbrushes. Neither the chlorhexidine-coated nor the silver nanoparticle toothbrushes had a significant reduction in C. albicans compared to the control. Neither of the antimicrobial toothbrushes delivered the advertised claim of a 99.9% reduction with either microorganism.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Medical Health History/Factors Evaluation of the association between periodontal disease and diabetic retinopathy

    Ruchi Banthia, MDS
    Sapna Raje
    Priyank Banthia, MDS
    Sudesh Kumar Saral, MBBS, DOMS
    Pallavi Singh 
    Santosh Gupta
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e28.

    This cross-sectional study of 100 type II diabetes patients aimed to evaluate the association of periodontal disease with the occurrence and severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR). The results showed a definite association between periodontal disease status and the occurrence of DR, although a cause and effect relationship could not be established.

     
    Full Article (PDF)
  • TM Disorders An association between temporomandibular disorder and gum chewing

    Diana Correia, DMD, MDent
    Maria Carlos Real Dias, DMD, MDent
    Antonio Moacho, DMD, MDent
    Pedro Crispim, DMD, MDent
    Henrique Luis, DMD, PhD 
    Miguel Oliveira, DMD, MDent
    Joao Carames, DMD, PhD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e33.

    This single center, randomized, small study sought to investigate whether there is a relationship between gum chewing and the presence of symptoms associated with temporomandibular disorder. Arthralgia was reported in groups that chewed gum 3 hours/day and >3 hours/day. Myofascial pain was reported in groups that chewed <1 hour/day, 1-2 hours/day, and >3 hours/day. There was a connection between chewing gum more than once a week and masseter hypertrophy.
    Full Article (PDF)

2016

November/December 2014

Table of Contents

Special section on cosmetic dentistry

  • Tooth Whitening/Bleaching Conservative cosmetic dentistry post-trauma

    Nicholas Marongiu, DDS
    Todd Cochran, AAACD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):26.

    This article presents a case involving trauma with delayed root canal therapy on tooth No. 9, which produced a very dark front tooth, and the conservative treatment plan chosen to correct the dark color through the use of nonvital bleaching and feldspathic veneers requiring zero or minimal preparation.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • The Science of Color Shade evaluation of ceramic laminates according to different try-in materials

    Lawrence Gonzaga Lopes, DDS, MS, PhD
    Maysa Magalhaes Vaz, DDS
    Ana Paula Rodrigues Magalhaes, DDS
    Paula Carvalho Cardoso, DDS, MS, PhD
    Joao Batista de Souza, DDS, MS, PhD
    Erica Miranda de Torres, DDS, MS, PhD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):32.

    This study sought to evaluate the shade of ceramic veneers produced by different try-in materials: no material, water, water-soluble gel, and a try-in paste. No significant statistical differences were found among the groups, indicating that the different try-in materials had similar effects on the color of the ceramic laminates.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Esthetics/Cosmetic Dentistry Achieving highly esthetic anterior restorations with ideal assessment, communication, and technique

    Scott Finlay, DDS, FAGD, FAACD
    Nelson Rego, CDT, AAACD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):36. 

    Microesthetics are those criteria related to the subtle intricacies of shade, textures, translucencies, and surface effects that make teeth look like teeth. The utilization of a common nomenclature and quantitative means of communication between the restorative dentist and the laboratory ceramist are at the core of success. The use of cross-polarization filters eliminates spectral artifacts typically found in flash photography, and the use of a color-corrected master die system provides the ceramist a method to calibrate shades on the lab bench by capturing images that are similar to what is observed clinically.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Veneers A minimally invasive smile enhancement

    Fred H. Peck, DDS
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):42.

    The article describes the diagnosis, treatment options, and procedural techniques in the restoration of 4 maxillary anterior teeth with direct composite resin, in regards to placing the composite and the variety of colors needed to ensure a natural result. Finishing and polishing is critical to a natural looking dentition.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • The Science of Color Comparison between visual and instrumental methods for natural tooth shade matching

    Welson Pimentel, DDS, MSc
    Rodrigo Tiossi, DDS, PhD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):47. 

    This study compared the accuracy of shade matching by both visual and instrumental methods to determine whether the instrumental method would significantly improve shade matching. Shade matching by clinicians using the instrumental method presented more agreement, and was more effective, than shade matching by clinicians using the visual method.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Esthetics/Cosmetic Dentistry Diagnosis, treatment, and risk management for a victim of domestic abuse: a case report

    Richard W. Featherstone, DDS, AAACD, FAGD, AFAAID
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):50.

    A 37-year-old woman was referred to the author by the American Academy of Cosmetic Dentistry’s “Give Back a Smile” program. The woman presented with a broken jaw and fractured teeth. This case report describes the treatment planning decisions and a successful outcome.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Veneers Direct or indirect composite veneers in anterior teeth: which method causes higher tooth mass loss? An in vitro study


    Alessandra Nunes Machado, DDS
    Fabio Herrmann Coelho-de-Souza, DDS, MSD, PhD
    Juliana Nunes Rolla, DDS, MSD, PhD
    Maria Carolina Guilherme Erhardt, DDS, MSD, PhD
    Flavio Fernando Demarco, DDS, PhD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):55.

    This in vitro study sought to quantify the different mass loss from preparation techniques used for direct and indirect veneers. Teeth undergoing veneer preparations demonstrated a statistically significant mass loss compared to unprepared teeth. Indirect ceramic veneer preparations produced more mass loss than direct composite veneer preparations (P ≤ 0.01).
    Full Article (PDF)

Departments

  • Editorial Professional growth

    Roger D. Winland, DDS, MS, MAGD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):8.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Guest Editorial Relevance in the 21st century

    James H. Hastings, DDS
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):10. 
    Full Article (PDF)
  • To the editor Perpetuating old myths

    Robert D. Frey, DDS, MAGD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):14.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Minimally Invasive Dentistry Only informed patients can decide what serves them best

    Mark Malterud, DDS, MAGD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):15.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Restorative Dentistry Local anesthesia for restorative dentistry

    Roger A. Solow, DDS
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):18
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Esthetics Predictable replacement of failing porcelain restorations

    Wynn Okuda, DMD, FAACD, FICD, FICOI
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):21.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Ethics Gifts from patients

    Toni M. Roucka, DDS, MA, FACD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):24.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Answers Self-Instruction exercises No. 340, 341, and 342.

    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):80
    Full Article (PDF)

Clinical Articles

  • SELF-INSTRUCTION

    Fissurotomy (Micro) Dentistry Approaches to managing asymptomatic enamel and dentin cracks

    Samer S. Alassaad, DDS
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):58. 

    This article reviews asymptomatic enamel and dentin cracks, and presents current management approaches of asymptomatic cracks utilized by a sample of general dentists. Becoming familiar with all forms of asymptomatic enamel and dentin cracks is crucial in order to control the potential detrimental effects of these cracks on the dentition.
    Full Article (PDF)
    Self-Instruction Exercise No. 358
  • SELF-INSTRUCTION

    Pharmacotherapeutics Perspective of cardiologists on the continuation or discontinuation of antiplatelet therapy before dental treatment: a questionnaire-based study

    Ruchi Banthia, MDS
    Pallavi Singh
    Priyank Banthia, MDS 
    Rajbhan Singh, MBBS, DMd
    Santosh Gupta
    Sapna Raje
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):64. 

    Antiplatelet and anticoagulant agents have been extensively used for the prevention and management of arterial and venous thrombi. These medications are associated with an increase in bleeding time and risk of intraoperative and postoperative hemorrhage in the dental office. A survey of 50 cardiologists was conducted regarding suggested guidelines for dentists in the management of patients who are taking anticoagulant medication.
    Full Article (PDF)
    Self-Instruction Exercise No. 359
  • SELF-INSTRUCTION

    Anesthesia and Pain Control Mepivacaine: a closer look at its properties and current utility

    William G. Brockmann, DDS, PhD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):70. 

    Mepivacaine is commonly used in medically compromised patients in a formulation with a vasoconstrictor, or in pediatric populations in a formulation without a vasoconstrictor. It is important to understand the unique pharmacologic characteristics of mepivacaine in order to minimize the potential for inadvertent toxicity.
    Full Article (PDF)
    Self-Instruction Exercise No. 360
  • Cracked Tooth & Restorations A direct approach for fabrication of a provisional restoration immediately after tooth preparation for custom cast dowel and core

    Kunwarjeet Singh, BDS, MDS
    Nidhi Gupta, BDS, MDS
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):77.

    This article describes a direct procedure for fabricating a provisional restoration (with a prefabricated temporary titanium post and an acrylic resin denture tooth) immediately after a tooth has been prepared for a custom cast dowel and core. This technique produces excellent clinical results while being less time-consuming than an indirect approach.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Anesthesia and Pain Control The efficacy of 2 different doses of dexamethasone to control postoperative swelling, trismus, and pain after third molar extractions

    Cicero Newton Lemos Felicio Agostinho, MSc 
    Vanessa Camila da Silva, PhD
    Etevaldo Matos Maia Filho, PhD 
    Maria Luiza Cruz, PhD 
    Eider Guimaraes Bastos, PhD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e1.

    This article addresses the effect of 2 different concentrations (4 and 12 mg) of dexamethasone to control pain, swelling, and trismus after third molar surgery. The results showed no significant differences (α = 0.05) between the analyzed variables for the 2 doses of dexamethasone.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Dental Materials Clinical evaluation of silorane-based and dimethacrylate-based resin composites: 1-year follow-up

    M. Jacinta M.C. Santos, DDS, MSc, PhD 
    Abraham Kunnilathu, BDS, CRCA
    Shawn Steele, DDS
    Gildo C. Santos Jr., DDS, MSc, PhD 
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e6.

    This study sought to evaluate the 1-year clinical performance of silorane-based and dimethacrylate-based Class II resin composite restorations using 2 bonding strategies. Both systems demonstrated acceptable clinical performance after 1 year.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Dental Materials Cytotoxicity of dentin bonding agents

    Ebru Cal, DDS, PhD
    Pelin Guneri, DDS, PhD
    Ayse Atay, DDS, PhD 
    Vildan Bozok Cetintas, PhD 
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e11.

    This study sought to evaluate the cytotoxicity of 5 dentin bonding agents (Admira Bond, Adper Single Bond Plus, Clearfil SE Bond, Clearfil S3 Bond, and Heliobond). All 5 materials were evaluated as severely cytotoxic on the first day. With the exception of Adper Single Bond Plus, toxicity continued to Day 28 for all compounds. The utmost care must be taken to prevent contact between dental bonding agents and adjacent tissues.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Crown Lengthening Surgery Surgical crown lengthening: a periodontal and restorative interdisciplinary approach

    Simran R. Parwani, MDS
    Rajkumar N. Parwani, MDS
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e15.

    This article presents 2 cases that involve surgical crown lengthening (including mucoperiosteal flap and ostectomy) for the restoration of teeth. The sequence of events stresses the importance of communication between the restorative dentist and the periodontist.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Tooth Whitening/Bleaching Surface roughness of different composite resins subject to in-office bleaching

    Andre Fabio Vasconcelos Moro, BDS, MSc
    Maira do Prado, BDS, MSc, PhD
    Renata Antoun Simao, MSc, PhD
    Katia Regina Hostilio Cervantes Dias, BDS, MSc, PhD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e20

    This study used atomic force microscopy to evaluate the effects of an in-office dental bleaching protocol on the surface roughness of 3 resins: microfilled, microhybrid, and nanofilled. Based on the results, it was concluded that in-office bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide-based gel increased the surface roughness of microfilled, microhybrid, and nanofilled resins significantly.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Dental Materials An in vitro comparison of antimicrobial toothbrushes

    Jeremy D. Hamal, DDS, MS
    Donna M. Hensley, BS
    Steven C. Maller, DDS, MS
    Daniel J. Palazzolo, DDS, MS
    Kraig S. Vandewalle, DDS, MS
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e24. 

    The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of toothbrushes that advertise self-disinfecting, antimicrobial properties due to the inclusion of silver nanoparticles or chlorhexidine in the bristles. The chlorhexidine-coated toothbrushes had significantly greater percent reduction in S. mutans compared to the control or silver nanoparticle toothbrushes. Neither the chlorhexidine-coated nor the silver nanoparticle toothbrushes had a significant reduction in C. albicans compared to the control. Neither of the antimicrobial toothbrushes delivered the advertised claim of a 99.9% reduction with either microorganism.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Medical Health History/Factors Evaluation of the association between periodontal disease and diabetic retinopathy

    Ruchi Banthia, MDS
    Sapna Raje
    Priyank Banthia, MDS
    Sudesh Kumar Saral, MBBS, DOMS
    Pallavi Singh 
    Santosh Gupta
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e28.

    This cross-sectional study of 100 type II diabetes patients aimed to evaluate the association of periodontal disease with the occurrence and severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR). The results showed a definite association between periodontal disease status and the occurrence of DR, although a cause and effect relationship could not be established.

     
    Full Article (PDF)
  • TM Disorders An association between temporomandibular disorder and gum chewing

    Diana Correia, DMD, MDent
    Maria Carlos Real Dias, DMD, MDent
    Antonio Moacho, DMD, MDent
    Pedro Crispim, DMD, MDent
    Henrique Luis, DMD, PhD 
    Miguel Oliveira, DMD, MDent
    Joao Carames, DMD, PhD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e33.

    This single center, randomized, small study sought to investigate whether there is a relationship between gum chewing and the presence of symptoms associated with temporomandibular disorder. Arthralgia was reported in groups that chewed gum 3 hours/day and >3 hours/day. Myofascial pain was reported in groups that chewed <1 hour/day, 1-2 hours/day, and >3 hours/day. There was a connection between chewing gum more than once a week and masseter hypertrophy.
    Full Article (PDF)

2015

November/December 2014

Table of Contents

Special section on cosmetic dentistry

  • Tooth Whitening/Bleaching Conservative cosmetic dentistry post-trauma

    Nicholas Marongiu, DDS
    Todd Cochran, AAACD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):26.

    This article presents a case involving trauma with delayed root canal therapy on tooth No. 9, which produced a very dark front tooth, and the conservative treatment plan chosen to correct the dark color through the use of nonvital bleaching and feldspathic veneers requiring zero or minimal preparation.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • The Science of Color Shade evaluation of ceramic laminates according to different try-in materials

    Lawrence Gonzaga Lopes, DDS, MS, PhD
    Maysa Magalhaes Vaz, DDS
    Ana Paula Rodrigues Magalhaes, DDS
    Paula Carvalho Cardoso, DDS, MS, PhD
    Joao Batista de Souza, DDS, MS, PhD
    Erica Miranda de Torres, DDS, MS, PhD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):32.

    This study sought to evaluate the shade of ceramic veneers produced by different try-in materials: no material, water, water-soluble gel, and a try-in paste. No significant statistical differences were found among the groups, indicating that the different try-in materials had similar effects on the color of the ceramic laminates.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Esthetics/Cosmetic Dentistry Achieving highly esthetic anterior restorations with ideal assessment, communication, and technique

    Scott Finlay, DDS, FAGD, FAACD
    Nelson Rego, CDT, AAACD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):36. 

    Microesthetics are those criteria related to the subtle intricacies of shade, textures, translucencies, and surface effects that make teeth look like teeth. The utilization of a common nomenclature and quantitative means of communication between the restorative dentist and the laboratory ceramist are at the core of success. The use of cross-polarization filters eliminates spectral artifacts typically found in flash photography, and the use of a color-corrected master die system provides the ceramist a method to calibrate shades on the lab bench by capturing images that are similar to what is observed clinically.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Veneers A minimally invasive smile enhancement

    Fred H. Peck, DDS
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):42.

    The article describes the diagnosis, treatment options, and procedural techniques in the restoration of 4 maxillary anterior teeth with direct composite resin, in regards to placing the composite and the variety of colors needed to ensure a natural result. Finishing and polishing is critical to a natural looking dentition.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • The Science of Color Comparison between visual and instrumental methods for natural tooth shade matching

    Welson Pimentel, DDS, MSc
    Rodrigo Tiossi, DDS, PhD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):47. 

    This study compared the accuracy of shade matching by both visual and instrumental methods to determine whether the instrumental method would significantly improve shade matching. Shade matching by clinicians using the instrumental method presented more agreement, and was more effective, than shade matching by clinicians using the visual method.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Esthetics/Cosmetic Dentistry Diagnosis, treatment, and risk management for a victim of domestic abuse: a case report

    Richard W. Featherstone, DDS, AAACD, FAGD, AFAAID
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):50.

    A 37-year-old woman was referred to the author by the American Academy of Cosmetic Dentistry’s “Give Back a Smile” program. The woman presented with a broken jaw and fractured teeth. This case report describes the treatment planning decisions and a successful outcome.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Veneers Direct or indirect composite veneers in anterior teeth: which method causes higher tooth mass loss? An in vitro study


    Alessandra Nunes Machado, DDS
    Fabio Herrmann Coelho-de-Souza, DDS, MSD, PhD
    Juliana Nunes Rolla, DDS, MSD, PhD
    Maria Carolina Guilherme Erhardt, DDS, MSD, PhD
    Flavio Fernando Demarco, DDS, PhD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):55.

    This in vitro study sought to quantify the different mass loss from preparation techniques used for direct and indirect veneers. Teeth undergoing veneer preparations demonstrated a statistically significant mass loss compared to unprepared teeth. Indirect ceramic veneer preparations produced more mass loss than direct composite veneer preparations (P ≤ 0.01).
    Full Article (PDF)

Departments

  • Editorial Professional growth

    Roger D. Winland, DDS, MS, MAGD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):8.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Guest Editorial Relevance in the 21st century

    James H. Hastings, DDS
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):10. 
    Full Article (PDF)
  • To the editor Perpetuating old myths

    Robert D. Frey, DDS, MAGD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):14.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Minimally Invasive Dentistry Only informed patients can decide what serves them best

    Mark Malterud, DDS, MAGD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):15.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Restorative Dentistry Local anesthesia for restorative dentistry

    Roger A. Solow, DDS
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):18
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Esthetics Predictable replacement of failing porcelain restorations

    Wynn Okuda, DMD, FAACD, FICD, FICOI
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):21.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Ethics Gifts from patients

    Toni M. Roucka, DDS, MA, FACD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):24.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Answers Self-Instruction exercises No. 340, 341, and 342.

    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):80
    Full Article (PDF)

Clinical Articles

  • SELF-INSTRUCTION

    Fissurotomy (Micro) Dentistry Approaches to managing asymptomatic enamel and dentin cracks

    Samer S. Alassaad, DDS
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):58. 

    This article reviews asymptomatic enamel and dentin cracks, and presents current management approaches of asymptomatic cracks utilized by a sample of general dentists. Becoming familiar with all forms of asymptomatic enamel and dentin cracks is crucial in order to control the potential detrimental effects of these cracks on the dentition.
    Full Article (PDF)
    Self-Instruction Exercise No. 358
  • SELF-INSTRUCTION

    Pharmacotherapeutics Perspective of cardiologists on the continuation or discontinuation of antiplatelet therapy before dental treatment: a questionnaire-based study

    Ruchi Banthia, MDS
    Pallavi Singh
    Priyank Banthia, MDS 
    Rajbhan Singh, MBBS, DMd
    Santosh Gupta
    Sapna Raje
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):64. 

    Antiplatelet and anticoagulant agents have been extensively used for the prevention and management of arterial and venous thrombi. These medications are associated with an increase in bleeding time and risk of intraoperative and postoperative hemorrhage in the dental office. A survey of 50 cardiologists was conducted regarding suggested guidelines for dentists in the management of patients who are taking anticoagulant medication.
    Full Article (PDF)
    Self-Instruction Exercise No. 359
  • SELF-INSTRUCTION

    Anesthesia and Pain Control Mepivacaine: a closer look at its properties and current utility

    William G. Brockmann, DDS, PhD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):70. 

    Mepivacaine is commonly used in medically compromised patients in a formulation with a vasoconstrictor, or in pediatric populations in a formulation without a vasoconstrictor. It is important to understand the unique pharmacologic characteristics of mepivacaine in order to minimize the potential for inadvertent toxicity.
    Full Article (PDF)
    Self-Instruction Exercise No. 360
  • Cracked Tooth & Restorations A direct approach for fabrication of a provisional restoration immediately after tooth preparation for custom cast dowel and core

    Kunwarjeet Singh, BDS, MDS
    Nidhi Gupta, BDS, MDS
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):77.

    This article describes a direct procedure for fabricating a provisional restoration (with a prefabricated temporary titanium post and an acrylic resin denture tooth) immediately after a tooth has been prepared for a custom cast dowel and core. This technique produces excellent clinical results while being less time-consuming than an indirect approach.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Anesthesia and Pain Control The efficacy of 2 different doses of dexamethasone to control postoperative swelling, trismus, and pain after third molar extractions

    Cicero Newton Lemos Felicio Agostinho, MSc 
    Vanessa Camila da Silva, PhD
    Etevaldo Matos Maia Filho, PhD 
    Maria Luiza Cruz, PhD 
    Eider Guimaraes Bastos, PhD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e1.

    This article addresses the effect of 2 different concentrations (4 and 12 mg) of dexamethasone to control pain, swelling, and trismus after third molar surgery. The results showed no significant differences (α = 0.05) between the analyzed variables for the 2 doses of dexamethasone.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Dental Materials Clinical evaluation of silorane-based and dimethacrylate-based resin composites: 1-year follow-up

    M. Jacinta M.C. Santos, DDS, MSc, PhD 
    Abraham Kunnilathu, BDS, CRCA
    Shawn Steele, DDS
    Gildo C. Santos Jr., DDS, MSc, PhD 
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e6.

    This study sought to evaluate the 1-year clinical performance of silorane-based and dimethacrylate-based Class II resin composite restorations using 2 bonding strategies. Both systems demonstrated acceptable clinical performance after 1 year.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Dental Materials Cytotoxicity of dentin bonding agents

    Ebru Cal, DDS, PhD
    Pelin Guneri, DDS, PhD
    Ayse Atay, DDS, PhD 
    Vildan Bozok Cetintas, PhD 
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e11.

    This study sought to evaluate the cytotoxicity of 5 dentin bonding agents (Admira Bond, Adper Single Bond Plus, Clearfil SE Bond, Clearfil S3 Bond, and Heliobond). All 5 materials were evaluated as severely cytotoxic on the first day. With the exception of Adper Single Bond Plus, toxicity continued to Day 28 for all compounds. The utmost care must be taken to prevent contact between dental bonding agents and adjacent tissues.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Crown Lengthening Surgery Surgical crown lengthening: a periodontal and restorative interdisciplinary approach

    Simran R. Parwani, MDS
    Rajkumar N. Parwani, MDS
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e15.

    This article presents 2 cases that involve surgical crown lengthening (including mucoperiosteal flap and ostectomy) for the restoration of teeth. The sequence of events stresses the importance of communication between the restorative dentist and the periodontist.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Tooth Whitening/Bleaching Surface roughness of different composite resins subject to in-office bleaching

    Andre Fabio Vasconcelos Moro, BDS, MSc
    Maira do Prado, BDS, MSc, PhD
    Renata Antoun Simao, MSc, PhD
    Katia Regina Hostilio Cervantes Dias, BDS, MSc, PhD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e20

    This study used atomic force microscopy to evaluate the effects of an in-office dental bleaching protocol on the surface roughness of 3 resins: microfilled, microhybrid, and nanofilled. Based on the results, it was concluded that in-office bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide-based gel increased the surface roughness of microfilled, microhybrid, and nanofilled resins significantly.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Dental Materials An in vitro comparison of antimicrobial toothbrushes

    Jeremy D. Hamal, DDS, MS
    Donna M. Hensley, BS
    Steven C. Maller, DDS, MS
    Daniel J. Palazzolo, DDS, MS
    Kraig S. Vandewalle, DDS, MS
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e24. 

    The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of toothbrushes that advertise self-disinfecting, antimicrobial properties due to the inclusion of silver nanoparticles or chlorhexidine in the bristles. The chlorhexidine-coated toothbrushes had significantly greater percent reduction in S. mutans compared to the control or silver nanoparticle toothbrushes. Neither the chlorhexidine-coated nor the silver nanoparticle toothbrushes had a significant reduction in C. albicans compared to the control. Neither of the antimicrobial toothbrushes delivered the advertised claim of a 99.9% reduction with either microorganism.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Medical Health History/Factors Evaluation of the association between periodontal disease and diabetic retinopathy

    Ruchi Banthia, MDS
    Sapna Raje
    Priyank Banthia, MDS
    Sudesh Kumar Saral, MBBS, DOMS
    Pallavi Singh 
    Santosh Gupta
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e28.

    This cross-sectional study of 100 type II diabetes patients aimed to evaluate the association of periodontal disease with the occurrence and severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR). The results showed a definite association between periodontal disease status and the occurrence of DR, although a cause and effect relationship could not be established.

     
    Full Article (PDF)
  • TM Disorders An association between temporomandibular disorder and gum chewing

    Diana Correia, DMD, MDent
    Maria Carlos Real Dias, DMD, MDent
    Antonio Moacho, DMD, MDent
    Pedro Crispim, DMD, MDent
    Henrique Luis, DMD, PhD 
    Miguel Oliveira, DMD, MDent
    Joao Carames, DMD, PhD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e33.

    This single center, randomized, small study sought to investigate whether there is a relationship between gum chewing and the presence of symptoms associated with temporomandibular disorder. Arthralgia was reported in groups that chewed gum 3 hours/day and >3 hours/day. Myofascial pain was reported in groups that chewed <1 hour/day, 1-2 hours/day, and >3 hours/day. There was a connection between chewing gum more than once a week and masseter hypertrophy.
    Full Article (PDF)

2014

November/December 2014

Table of Contents

Special section on cosmetic dentistry

  • Tooth Whitening/Bleaching Conservative cosmetic dentistry post-trauma

    Nicholas Marongiu, DDS
    Todd Cochran, AAACD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):26.

    This article presents a case involving trauma with delayed root canal therapy on tooth No. 9, which produced a very dark front tooth, and the conservative treatment plan chosen to correct the dark color through the use of nonvital bleaching and feldspathic veneers requiring zero or minimal preparation.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • The Science of Color Shade evaluation of ceramic laminates according to different try-in materials

    Lawrence Gonzaga Lopes, DDS, MS, PhD
    Maysa Magalhaes Vaz, DDS
    Ana Paula Rodrigues Magalhaes, DDS
    Paula Carvalho Cardoso, DDS, MS, PhD
    Joao Batista de Souza, DDS, MS, PhD
    Erica Miranda de Torres, DDS, MS, PhD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):32.

    This study sought to evaluate the shade of ceramic veneers produced by different try-in materials: no material, water, water-soluble gel, and a try-in paste. No significant statistical differences were found among the groups, indicating that the different try-in materials had similar effects on the color of the ceramic laminates.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Esthetics/Cosmetic Dentistry Achieving highly esthetic anterior restorations with ideal assessment, communication, and technique

    Scott Finlay, DDS, FAGD, FAACD
    Nelson Rego, CDT, AAACD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):36. 

    Microesthetics are those criteria related to the subtle intricacies of shade, textures, translucencies, and surface effects that make teeth look like teeth. The utilization of a common nomenclature and quantitative means of communication between the restorative dentist and the laboratory ceramist are at the core of success. The use of cross-polarization filters eliminates spectral artifacts typically found in flash photography, and the use of a color-corrected master die system provides the ceramist a method to calibrate shades on the lab bench by capturing images that are similar to what is observed clinically.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Veneers A minimally invasive smile enhancement

    Fred H. Peck, DDS
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):42.

    The article describes the diagnosis, treatment options, and procedural techniques in the restoration of 4 maxillary anterior teeth with direct composite resin, in regards to placing the composite and the variety of colors needed to ensure a natural result. Finishing and polishing is critical to a natural looking dentition.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • The Science of Color Comparison between visual and instrumental methods for natural tooth shade matching

    Welson Pimentel, DDS, MSc
    Rodrigo Tiossi, DDS, PhD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):47. 

    This study compared the accuracy of shade matching by both visual and instrumental methods to determine whether the instrumental method would significantly improve shade matching. Shade matching by clinicians using the instrumental method presented more agreement, and was more effective, than shade matching by clinicians using the visual method.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Esthetics/Cosmetic Dentistry Diagnosis, treatment, and risk management for a victim of domestic abuse: a case report

    Richard W. Featherstone, DDS, AAACD, FAGD, AFAAID
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):50.

    A 37-year-old woman was referred to the author by the American Academy of Cosmetic Dentistry’s “Give Back a Smile” program. The woman presented with a broken jaw and fractured teeth. This case report describes the treatment planning decisions and a successful outcome.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Veneers Direct or indirect composite veneers in anterior teeth: which method causes higher tooth mass loss? An in vitro study


    Alessandra Nunes Machado, DDS
    Fabio Herrmann Coelho-de-Souza, DDS, MSD, PhD
    Juliana Nunes Rolla, DDS, MSD, PhD
    Maria Carolina Guilherme Erhardt, DDS, MSD, PhD
    Flavio Fernando Demarco, DDS, PhD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):55.

    This in vitro study sought to quantify the different mass loss from preparation techniques used for direct and indirect veneers. Teeth undergoing veneer preparations demonstrated a statistically significant mass loss compared to unprepared teeth. Indirect ceramic veneer preparations produced more mass loss than direct composite veneer preparations (P ≤ 0.01).
    Full Article (PDF)

Departments

  • Editorial Professional growth

    Roger D. Winland, DDS, MS, MAGD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):8.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Guest Editorial Relevance in the 21st century

    James H. Hastings, DDS
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):10. 
    Full Article (PDF)
  • To the editor Perpetuating old myths

    Robert D. Frey, DDS, MAGD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):14.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Minimally Invasive Dentistry Only informed patients can decide what serves them best

    Mark Malterud, DDS, MAGD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):15.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Restorative Dentistry Local anesthesia for restorative dentistry

    Roger A. Solow, DDS
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):18
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Esthetics Predictable replacement of failing porcelain restorations

    Wynn Okuda, DMD, FAACD, FICD, FICOI
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):21.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Ethics Gifts from patients

    Toni M. Roucka, DDS, MA, FACD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):24.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Answers Self-Instruction exercises No. 340, 341, and 342.

    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):80
    Full Article (PDF)

Clinical Articles

  • SELF-INSTRUCTION

    Fissurotomy (Micro) Dentistry Approaches to managing asymptomatic enamel and dentin cracks

    Samer S. Alassaad, DDS
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):58. 

    This article reviews asymptomatic enamel and dentin cracks, and presents current management approaches of asymptomatic cracks utilized by a sample of general dentists. Becoming familiar with all forms of asymptomatic enamel and dentin cracks is crucial in order to control the potential detrimental effects of these cracks on the dentition.
    Full Article (PDF)
    Self-Instruction Exercise No. 358
  • SELF-INSTRUCTION

    Pharmacotherapeutics Perspective of cardiologists on the continuation or discontinuation of antiplatelet therapy before dental treatment: a questionnaire-based study

    Ruchi Banthia, MDS
    Pallavi Singh
    Priyank Banthia, MDS 
    Rajbhan Singh, MBBS, DMd
    Santosh Gupta
    Sapna Raje
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):64. 

    Antiplatelet and anticoagulant agents have been extensively used for the prevention and management of arterial and venous thrombi. These medications are associated with an increase in bleeding time and risk of intraoperative and postoperative hemorrhage in the dental office. A survey of 50 cardiologists was conducted regarding suggested guidelines for dentists in the management of patients who are taking anticoagulant medication.
    Full Article (PDF)
    Self-Instruction Exercise No. 359
  • SELF-INSTRUCTION

    Anesthesia and Pain Control Mepivacaine: a closer look at its properties and current utility

    William G. Brockmann, DDS, PhD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):70. 

    Mepivacaine is commonly used in medically compromised patients in a formulation with a vasoconstrictor, or in pediatric populations in a formulation without a vasoconstrictor. It is important to understand the unique pharmacologic characteristics of mepivacaine in order to minimize the potential for inadvertent toxicity.
    Full Article (PDF)
    Self-Instruction Exercise No. 360
  • Cracked Tooth & Restorations A direct approach for fabrication of a provisional restoration immediately after tooth preparation for custom cast dowel and core

    Kunwarjeet Singh, BDS, MDS
    Nidhi Gupta, BDS, MDS
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):77.

    This article describes a direct procedure for fabricating a provisional restoration (with a prefabricated temporary titanium post and an acrylic resin denture tooth) immediately after a tooth has been prepared for a custom cast dowel and core. This technique produces excellent clinical results while being less time-consuming than an indirect approach.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Anesthesia and Pain Control The efficacy of 2 different doses of dexamethasone to control postoperative swelling, trismus, and pain after third molar extractions

    Cicero Newton Lemos Felicio Agostinho, MSc 
    Vanessa Camila da Silva, PhD
    Etevaldo Matos Maia Filho, PhD 
    Maria Luiza Cruz, PhD 
    Eider Guimaraes Bastos, PhD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e1.

    This article addresses the effect of 2 different concentrations (4 and 12 mg) of dexamethasone to control pain, swelling, and trismus after third molar surgery. The results showed no significant differences (α = 0.05) between the analyzed variables for the 2 doses of dexamethasone.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Dental Materials Clinical evaluation of silorane-based and dimethacrylate-based resin composites: 1-year follow-up

    M. Jacinta M.C. Santos, DDS, MSc, PhD 
    Abraham Kunnilathu, BDS, CRCA
    Shawn Steele, DDS
    Gildo C. Santos Jr., DDS, MSc, PhD 
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e6.

    This study sought to evaluate the 1-year clinical performance of silorane-based and dimethacrylate-based Class II resin composite restorations using 2 bonding strategies. Both systems demonstrated acceptable clinical performance after 1 year.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Dental Materials Cytotoxicity of dentin bonding agents

    Ebru Cal, DDS, PhD
    Pelin Guneri, DDS, PhD
    Ayse Atay, DDS, PhD 
    Vildan Bozok Cetintas, PhD 
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e11.

    This study sought to evaluate the cytotoxicity of 5 dentin bonding agents (Admira Bond, Adper Single Bond Plus, Clearfil SE Bond, Clearfil S3 Bond, and Heliobond). All 5 materials were evaluated as severely cytotoxic on the first day. With the exception of Adper Single Bond Plus, toxicity continued to Day 28 for all compounds. The utmost care must be taken to prevent contact between dental bonding agents and adjacent tissues.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Crown Lengthening Surgery Surgical crown lengthening: a periodontal and restorative interdisciplinary approach

    Simran R. Parwani, MDS
    Rajkumar N. Parwani, MDS
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e15.

    This article presents 2 cases that involve surgical crown lengthening (including mucoperiosteal flap and ostectomy) for the restoration of teeth. The sequence of events stresses the importance of communication between the restorative dentist and the periodontist.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Tooth Whitening/Bleaching Surface roughness of different composite resins subject to in-office bleaching

    Andre Fabio Vasconcelos Moro, BDS, MSc
    Maira do Prado, BDS, MSc, PhD
    Renata Antoun Simao, MSc, PhD
    Katia Regina Hostilio Cervantes Dias, BDS, MSc, PhD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e20

    This study used atomic force microscopy to evaluate the effects of an in-office dental bleaching protocol on the surface roughness of 3 resins: microfilled, microhybrid, and nanofilled. Based on the results, it was concluded that in-office bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide-based gel increased the surface roughness of microfilled, microhybrid, and nanofilled resins significantly.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Dental Materials An in vitro comparison of antimicrobial toothbrushes

    Jeremy D. Hamal, DDS, MS
    Donna M. Hensley, BS
    Steven C. Maller, DDS, MS
    Daniel J. Palazzolo, DDS, MS
    Kraig S. Vandewalle, DDS, MS
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e24. 

    The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of toothbrushes that advertise self-disinfecting, antimicrobial properties due to the inclusion of silver nanoparticles or chlorhexidine in the bristles. The chlorhexidine-coated toothbrushes had significantly greater percent reduction in S. mutans compared to the control or silver nanoparticle toothbrushes. Neither the chlorhexidine-coated nor the silver nanoparticle toothbrushes had a significant reduction in C. albicans compared to the control. Neither of the antimicrobial toothbrushes delivered the advertised claim of a 99.9% reduction with either microorganism.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Medical Health History/Factors Evaluation of the association between periodontal disease and diabetic retinopathy

    Ruchi Banthia, MDS
    Sapna Raje
    Priyank Banthia, MDS
    Sudesh Kumar Saral, MBBS, DOMS
    Pallavi Singh 
    Santosh Gupta
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e28.

    This cross-sectional study of 100 type II diabetes patients aimed to evaluate the association of periodontal disease with the occurrence and severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR). The results showed a definite association between periodontal disease status and the occurrence of DR, although a cause and effect relationship could not be established.

     
    Full Article (PDF)
  • TM Disorders An association between temporomandibular disorder and gum chewing

    Diana Correia, DMD, MDent
    Maria Carlos Real Dias, DMD, MDent
    Antonio Moacho, DMD, MDent
    Pedro Crispim, DMD, MDent
    Henrique Luis, DMD, PhD 
    Miguel Oliveira, DMD, MDent
    Joao Carames, DMD, PhD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e33.

    This single center, randomized, small study sought to investigate whether there is a relationship between gum chewing and the presence of symptoms associated with temporomandibular disorder. Arthralgia was reported in groups that chewed gum 3 hours/day and >3 hours/day. Myofascial pain was reported in groups that chewed <1 hour/day, 1-2 hours/day, and >3 hours/day. There was a connection between chewing gum more than once a week and masseter hypertrophy.
    Full Article (PDF)

2013

November/December 2014

Table of Contents

Special section on cosmetic dentistry

  • Tooth Whitening/Bleaching Conservative cosmetic dentistry post-trauma

    Nicholas Marongiu, DDS
    Todd Cochran, AAACD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):26.

    This article presents a case involving trauma with delayed root canal therapy on tooth No. 9, which produced a very dark front tooth, and the conservative treatment plan chosen to correct the dark color through the use of nonvital bleaching and feldspathic veneers requiring zero or minimal preparation.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • The Science of Color Shade evaluation of ceramic laminates according to different try-in materials

    Lawrence Gonzaga Lopes, DDS, MS, PhD
    Maysa Magalhaes Vaz, DDS
    Ana Paula Rodrigues Magalhaes, DDS
    Paula Carvalho Cardoso, DDS, MS, PhD
    Joao Batista de Souza, DDS, MS, PhD
    Erica Miranda de Torres, DDS, MS, PhD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):32.

    This study sought to evaluate the shade of ceramic veneers produced by different try-in materials: no material, water, water-soluble gel, and a try-in paste. No significant statistical differences were found among the groups, indicating that the different try-in materials had similar effects on the color of the ceramic laminates.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Esthetics/Cosmetic Dentistry Achieving highly esthetic anterior restorations with ideal assessment, communication, and technique

    Scott Finlay, DDS, FAGD, FAACD
    Nelson Rego, CDT, AAACD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):36. 

    Microesthetics are those criteria related to the subtle intricacies of shade, textures, translucencies, and surface effects that make teeth look like teeth. The utilization of a common nomenclature and quantitative means of communication between the restorative dentist and the laboratory ceramist are at the core of success. The use of cross-polarization filters eliminates spectral artifacts typically found in flash photography, and the use of a color-corrected master die system provides the ceramist a method to calibrate shades on the lab bench by capturing images that are similar to what is observed clinically.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Veneers A minimally invasive smile enhancement

    Fred H. Peck, DDS
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):42.

    The article describes the diagnosis, treatment options, and procedural techniques in the restoration of 4 maxillary anterior teeth with direct composite resin, in regards to placing the composite and the variety of colors needed to ensure a natural result. Finishing and polishing is critical to a natural looking dentition.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • The Science of Color Comparison between visual and instrumental methods for natural tooth shade matching

    Welson Pimentel, DDS, MSc
    Rodrigo Tiossi, DDS, PhD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):47. 

    This study compared the accuracy of shade matching by both visual and instrumental methods to determine whether the instrumental method would significantly improve shade matching. Shade matching by clinicians using the instrumental method presented more agreement, and was more effective, than shade matching by clinicians using the visual method.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Esthetics/Cosmetic Dentistry Diagnosis, treatment, and risk management for a victim of domestic abuse: a case report

    Richard W. Featherstone, DDS, AAACD, FAGD, AFAAID
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):50.

    A 37-year-old woman was referred to the author by the American Academy of Cosmetic Dentistry’s “Give Back a Smile” program. The woman presented with a broken jaw and fractured teeth. This case report describes the treatment planning decisions and a successful outcome.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Veneers Direct or indirect composite veneers in anterior teeth: which method causes higher tooth mass loss? An in vitro study


    Alessandra Nunes Machado, DDS
    Fabio Herrmann Coelho-de-Souza, DDS, MSD, PhD
    Juliana Nunes Rolla, DDS, MSD, PhD
    Maria Carolina Guilherme Erhardt, DDS, MSD, PhD
    Flavio Fernando Demarco, DDS, PhD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):55.

    This in vitro study sought to quantify the different mass loss from preparation techniques used for direct and indirect veneers. Teeth undergoing veneer preparations demonstrated a statistically significant mass loss compared to unprepared teeth. Indirect ceramic veneer preparations produced more mass loss than direct composite veneer preparations (P ≤ 0.01).
    Full Article (PDF)

Departments

  • Editorial Professional growth

    Roger D. Winland, DDS, MS, MAGD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):8.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Guest Editorial Relevance in the 21st century

    James H. Hastings, DDS
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):10. 
    Full Article (PDF)
  • To the editor Perpetuating old myths

    Robert D. Frey, DDS, MAGD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):14.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Minimally Invasive Dentistry Only informed patients can decide what serves them best

    Mark Malterud, DDS, MAGD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):15.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Restorative Dentistry Local anesthesia for restorative dentistry

    Roger A. Solow, DDS
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):18
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Esthetics Predictable replacement of failing porcelain restorations

    Wynn Okuda, DMD, FAACD, FICD, FICOI
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):21.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Ethics Gifts from patients

    Toni M. Roucka, DDS, MA, FACD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):24.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Answers Self-Instruction exercises No. 340, 341, and 342.

    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):80
    Full Article (PDF)

Clinical Articles

  • SELF-INSTRUCTION

    Fissurotomy (Micro) Dentistry Approaches to managing asymptomatic enamel and dentin cracks

    Samer S. Alassaad, DDS
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):58. 

    This article reviews asymptomatic enamel and dentin cracks, and presents current management approaches of asymptomatic cracks utilized by a sample of general dentists. Becoming familiar with all forms of asymptomatic enamel and dentin cracks is crucial in order to control the potential detrimental effects of these cracks on the dentition.
    Full Article (PDF)
    Self-Instruction Exercise No. 358
  • SELF-INSTRUCTION

    Pharmacotherapeutics Perspective of cardiologists on the continuation or discontinuation of antiplatelet therapy before dental treatment: a questionnaire-based study

    Ruchi Banthia, MDS
    Pallavi Singh
    Priyank Banthia, MDS 
    Rajbhan Singh, MBBS, DMd
    Santosh Gupta
    Sapna Raje
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):64. 

    Antiplatelet and anticoagulant agents have been extensively used for the prevention and management of arterial and venous thrombi. These medications are associated with an increase in bleeding time and risk of intraoperative and postoperative hemorrhage in the dental office. A survey of 50 cardiologists was conducted regarding suggested guidelines for dentists in the management of patients who are taking anticoagulant medication.
    Full Article (PDF)
    Self-Instruction Exercise No. 359
  • SELF-INSTRUCTION

    Anesthesia and Pain Control Mepivacaine: a closer look at its properties and current utility

    William G. Brockmann, DDS, PhD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):70. 

    Mepivacaine is commonly used in medically compromised patients in a formulation with a vasoconstrictor, or in pediatric populations in a formulation without a vasoconstrictor. It is important to understand the unique pharmacologic characteristics of mepivacaine in order to minimize the potential for inadvertent toxicity.
    Full Article (PDF)
    Self-Instruction Exercise No. 360
  • Cracked Tooth & Restorations A direct approach for fabrication of a provisional restoration immediately after tooth preparation for custom cast dowel and core

    Kunwarjeet Singh, BDS, MDS
    Nidhi Gupta, BDS, MDS
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):77.

    This article describes a direct procedure for fabricating a provisional restoration (with a prefabricated temporary titanium post and an acrylic resin denture tooth) immediately after a tooth has been prepared for a custom cast dowel and core. This technique produces excellent clinical results while being less time-consuming than an indirect approach.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Anesthesia and Pain Control The efficacy of 2 different doses of dexamethasone to control postoperative swelling, trismus, and pain after third molar extractions

    Cicero Newton Lemos Felicio Agostinho, MSc 
    Vanessa Camila da Silva, PhD
    Etevaldo Matos Maia Filho, PhD 
    Maria Luiza Cruz, PhD 
    Eider Guimaraes Bastos, PhD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e1.

    This article addresses the effect of 2 different concentrations (4 and 12 mg) of dexamethasone to control pain, swelling, and trismus after third molar surgery. The results showed no significant differences (α = 0.05) between the analyzed variables for the 2 doses of dexamethasone.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Dental Materials Clinical evaluation of silorane-based and dimethacrylate-based resin composites: 1-year follow-up

    M. Jacinta M.C. Santos, DDS, MSc, PhD 
    Abraham Kunnilathu, BDS, CRCA
    Shawn Steele, DDS
    Gildo C. Santos Jr., DDS, MSc, PhD 
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e6.

    This study sought to evaluate the 1-year clinical performance of silorane-based and dimethacrylate-based Class II resin composite restorations using 2 bonding strategies. Both systems demonstrated acceptable clinical performance after 1 year.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Dental Materials Cytotoxicity of dentin bonding agents

    Ebru Cal, DDS, PhD
    Pelin Guneri, DDS, PhD
    Ayse Atay, DDS, PhD 
    Vildan Bozok Cetintas, PhD 
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e11.

    This study sought to evaluate the cytotoxicity of 5 dentin bonding agents (Admira Bond, Adper Single Bond Plus, Clearfil SE Bond, Clearfil S3 Bond, and Heliobond). All 5 materials were evaluated as severely cytotoxic on the first day. With the exception of Adper Single Bond Plus, toxicity continued to Day 28 for all compounds. The utmost care must be taken to prevent contact between dental bonding agents and adjacent tissues.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Crown Lengthening Surgery Surgical crown lengthening: a periodontal and restorative interdisciplinary approach

    Simran R. Parwani, MDS
    Rajkumar N. Parwani, MDS
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e15.

    This article presents 2 cases that involve surgical crown lengthening (including mucoperiosteal flap and ostectomy) for the restoration of teeth. The sequence of events stresses the importance of communication between the restorative dentist and the periodontist.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Tooth Whitening/Bleaching Surface roughness of different composite resins subject to in-office bleaching

    Andre Fabio Vasconcelos Moro, BDS, MSc
    Maira do Prado, BDS, MSc, PhD
    Renata Antoun Simao, MSc, PhD
    Katia Regina Hostilio Cervantes Dias, BDS, MSc, PhD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e20

    This study used atomic force microscopy to evaluate the effects of an in-office dental bleaching protocol on the surface roughness of 3 resins: microfilled, microhybrid, and nanofilled. Based on the results, it was concluded that in-office bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide-based gel increased the surface roughness of microfilled, microhybrid, and nanofilled resins significantly.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Dental Materials An in vitro comparison of antimicrobial toothbrushes

    Jeremy D. Hamal, DDS, MS
    Donna M. Hensley, BS
    Steven C. Maller, DDS, MS
    Daniel J. Palazzolo, DDS, MS
    Kraig S. Vandewalle, DDS, MS
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e24. 

    The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of toothbrushes that advertise self-disinfecting, antimicrobial properties due to the inclusion of silver nanoparticles or chlorhexidine in the bristles. The chlorhexidine-coated toothbrushes had significantly greater percent reduction in S. mutans compared to the control or silver nanoparticle toothbrushes. Neither the chlorhexidine-coated nor the silver nanoparticle toothbrushes had a significant reduction in C. albicans compared to the control. Neither of the antimicrobial toothbrushes delivered the advertised claim of a 99.9% reduction with either microorganism.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Medical Health History/Factors Evaluation of the association between periodontal disease and diabetic retinopathy

    Ruchi Banthia, MDS
    Sapna Raje
    Priyank Banthia, MDS
    Sudesh Kumar Saral, MBBS, DOMS
    Pallavi Singh 
    Santosh Gupta
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e28.

    This cross-sectional study of 100 type II diabetes patients aimed to evaluate the association of periodontal disease with the occurrence and severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR). The results showed a definite association between periodontal disease status and the occurrence of DR, although a cause and effect relationship could not be established.

     
    Full Article (PDF)
  • TM Disorders An association between temporomandibular disorder and gum chewing

    Diana Correia, DMD, MDent
    Maria Carlos Real Dias, DMD, MDent
    Antonio Moacho, DMD, MDent
    Pedro Crispim, DMD, MDent
    Henrique Luis, DMD, PhD 
    Miguel Oliveira, DMD, MDent
    Joao Carames, DMD, PhD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e33.

    This single center, randomized, small study sought to investigate whether there is a relationship between gum chewing and the presence of symptoms associated with temporomandibular disorder. Arthralgia was reported in groups that chewed gum 3 hours/day and >3 hours/day. Myofascial pain was reported in groups that chewed <1 hour/day, 1-2 hours/day, and >3 hours/day. There was a connection between chewing gum more than once a week and masseter hypertrophy.
    Full Article (PDF)

2012

November/December 2014

Table of Contents

Special section on cosmetic dentistry

  • Tooth Whitening/Bleaching Conservative cosmetic dentistry post-trauma

    Nicholas Marongiu, DDS
    Todd Cochran, AAACD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):26.

    This article presents a case involving trauma with delayed root canal therapy on tooth No. 9, which produced a very dark front tooth, and the conservative treatment plan chosen to correct the dark color through the use of nonvital bleaching and feldspathic veneers requiring zero or minimal preparation.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • The Science of Color Shade evaluation of ceramic laminates according to different try-in materials

    Lawrence Gonzaga Lopes, DDS, MS, PhD
    Maysa Magalhaes Vaz, DDS
    Ana Paula Rodrigues Magalhaes, DDS
    Paula Carvalho Cardoso, DDS, MS, PhD
    Joao Batista de Souza, DDS, MS, PhD
    Erica Miranda de Torres, DDS, MS, PhD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):32.

    This study sought to evaluate the shade of ceramic veneers produced by different try-in materials: no material, water, water-soluble gel, and a try-in paste. No significant statistical differences were found among the groups, indicating that the different try-in materials had similar effects on the color of the ceramic laminates.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Esthetics/Cosmetic Dentistry Achieving highly esthetic anterior restorations with ideal assessment, communication, and technique

    Scott Finlay, DDS, FAGD, FAACD
    Nelson Rego, CDT, AAACD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):36. 

    Microesthetics are those criteria related to the subtle intricacies of shade, textures, translucencies, and surface effects that make teeth look like teeth. The utilization of a common nomenclature and quantitative means of communication between the restorative dentist and the laboratory ceramist are at the core of success. The use of cross-polarization filters eliminates spectral artifacts typically found in flash photography, and the use of a color-corrected master die system provides the ceramist a method to calibrate shades on the lab bench by capturing images that are similar to what is observed clinically.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Veneers A minimally invasive smile enhancement

    Fred H. Peck, DDS
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):42.

    The article describes the diagnosis, treatment options, and procedural techniques in the restoration of 4 maxillary anterior teeth with direct composite resin, in regards to placing the composite and the variety of colors needed to ensure a natural result. Finishing and polishing is critical to a natural looking dentition.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • The Science of Color Comparison between visual and instrumental methods for natural tooth shade matching

    Welson Pimentel, DDS, MSc
    Rodrigo Tiossi, DDS, PhD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):47. 

    This study compared the accuracy of shade matching by both visual and instrumental methods to determine whether the instrumental method would significantly improve shade matching. Shade matching by clinicians using the instrumental method presented more agreement, and was more effective, than shade matching by clinicians using the visual method.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Esthetics/Cosmetic Dentistry Diagnosis, treatment, and risk management for a victim of domestic abuse: a case report

    Richard W. Featherstone, DDS, AAACD, FAGD, AFAAID
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):50.

    A 37-year-old woman was referred to the author by the American Academy of Cosmetic Dentistry’s “Give Back a Smile” program. The woman presented with a broken jaw and fractured teeth. This case report describes the treatment planning decisions and a successful outcome.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Veneers Direct or indirect composite veneers in anterior teeth: which method causes higher tooth mass loss? An in vitro study


    Alessandra Nunes Machado, DDS
    Fabio Herrmann Coelho-de-Souza, DDS, MSD, PhD
    Juliana Nunes Rolla, DDS, MSD, PhD
    Maria Carolina Guilherme Erhardt, DDS, MSD, PhD
    Flavio Fernando Demarco, DDS, PhD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):55.

    This in vitro study sought to quantify the different mass loss from preparation techniques used for direct and indirect veneers. Teeth undergoing veneer preparations demonstrated a statistically significant mass loss compared to unprepared teeth. Indirect ceramic veneer preparations produced more mass loss than direct composite veneer preparations (P ≤ 0.01).
    Full Article (PDF)

Departments

  • Editorial Professional growth

    Roger D. Winland, DDS, MS, MAGD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):8.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Guest Editorial Relevance in the 21st century

    James H. Hastings, DDS
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):10. 
    Full Article (PDF)
  • To the editor Perpetuating old myths

    Robert D. Frey, DDS, MAGD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):14.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Minimally Invasive Dentistry Only informed patients can decide what serves them best

    Mark Malterud, DDS, MAGD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):15.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Restorative Dentistry Local anesthesia for restorative dentistry

    Roger A. Solow, DDS
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):18
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Esthetics Predictable replacement of failing porcelain restorations

    Wynn Okuda, DMD, FAACD, FICD, FICOI
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):21.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Ethics Gifts from patients

    Toni M. Roucka, DDS, MA, FACD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):24.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Answers Self-Instruction exercises No. 340, 341, and 342.

    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):80
    Full Article (PDF)

Clinical Articles

  • SELF-INSTRUCTION

    Fissurotomy (Micro) Dentistry Approaches to managing asymptomatic enamel and dentin cracks

    Samer S. Alassaad, DDS
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):58. 

    This article reviews asymptomatic enamel and dentin cracks, and presents current management approaches of asymptomatic cracks utilized by a sample of general dentists. Becoming familiar with all forms of asymptomatic enamel and dentin cracks is crucial in order to control the potential detrimental effects of these cracks on the dentition.
    Full Article (PDF)
    Self-Instruction Exercise No. 358
  • SELF-INSTRUCTION

    Pharmacotherapeutics Perspective of cardiologists on the continuation or discontinuation of antiplatelet therapy before dental treatment: a questionnaire-based study

    Ruchi Banthia, MDS
    Pallavi Singh
    Priyank Banthia, MDS 
    Rajbhan Singh, MBBS, DMd
    Santosh Gupta
    Sapna Raje
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):64. 

    Antiplatelet and anticoagulant agents have been extensively used for the prevention and management of arterial and venous thrombi. These medications are associated with an increase in bleeding time and risk of intraoperative and postoperative hemorrhage in the dental office. A survey of 50 cardiologists was conducted regarding suggested guidelines for dentists in the management of patients who are taking anticoagulant medication.
    Full Article (PDF)
    Self-Instruction Exercise No. 359
  • SELF-INSTRUCTION

    Anesthesia and Pain Control Mepivacaine: a closer look at its properties and current utility

    William G. Brockmann, DDS, PhD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):70. 

    Mepivacaine is commonly used in medically compromised patients in a formulation with a vasoconstrictor, or in pediatric populations in a formulation without a vasoconstrictor. It is important to understand the unique pharmacologic characteristics of mepivacaine in order to minimize the potential for inadvertent toxicity.
    Full Article (PDF)
    Self-Instruction Exercise No. 360
  • Cracked Tooth & Restorations A direct approach for fabrication of a provisional restoration immediately after tooth preparation for custom cast dowel and core

    Kunwarjeet Singh, BDS, MDS
    Nidhi Gupta, BDS, MDS
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):77.

    This article describes a direct procedure for fabricating a provisional restoration (with a prefabricated temporary titanium post and an acrylic resin denture tooth) immediately after a tooth has been prepared for a custom cast dowel and core. This technique produces excellent clinical results while being less time-consuming than an indirect approach.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Anesthesia and Pain Control The efficacy of 2 different doses of dexamethasone to control postoperative swelling, trismus, and pain after third molar extractions

    Cicero Newton Lemos Felicio Agostinho, MSc 
    Vanessa Camila da Silva, PhD
    Etevaldo Matos Maia Filho, PhD 
    Maria Luiza Cruz, PhD 
    Eider Guimaraes Bastos, PhD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e1.

    This article addresses the effect of 2 different concentrations (4 and 12 mg) of dexamethasone to control pain, swelling, and trismus after third molar surgery. The results showed no significant differences (α = 0.05) between the analyzed variables for the 2 doses of dexamethasone.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Dental Materials Clinical evaluation of silorane-based and dimethacrylate-based resin composites: 1-year follow-up

    M. Jacinta M.C. Santos, DDS, MSc, PhD 
    Abraham Kunnilathu, BDS, CRCA
    Shawn Steele, DDS
    Gildo C. Santos Jr., DDS, MSc, PhD 
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e6.

    This study sought to evaluate the 1-year clinical performance of silorane-based and dimethacrylate-based Class II resin composite restorations using 2 bonding strategies. Both systems demonstrated acceptable clinical performance after 1 year.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Dental Materials Cytotoxicity of dentin bonding agents

    Ebru Cal, DDS, PhD
    Pelin Guneri, DDS, PhD
    Ayse Atay, DDS, PhD 
    Vildan Bozok Cetintas, PhD 
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e11.

    This study sought to evaluate the cytotoxicity of 5 dentin bonding agents (Admira Bond, Adper Single Bond Plus, Clearfil SE Bond, Clearfil S3 Bond, and Heliobond). All 5 materials were evaluated as severely cytotoxic on the first day. With the exception of Adper Single Bond Plus, toxicity continued to Day 28 for all compounds. The utmost care must be taken to prevent contact between dental bonding agents and adjacent tissues.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Crown Lengthening Surgery Surgical crown lengthening: a periodontal and restorative interdisciplinary approach

    Simran R. Parwani, MDS
    Rajkumar N. Parwani, MDS
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e15.

    This article presents 2 cases that involve surgical crown lengthening (including mucoperiosteal flap and ostectomy) for the restoration of teeth. The sequence of events stresses the importance of communication between the restorative dentist and the periodontist.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Tooth Whitening/Bleaching Surface roughness of different composite resins subject to in-office bleaching

    Andre Fabio Vasconcelos Moro, BDS, MSc
    Maira do Prado, BDS, MSc, PhD
    Renata Antoun Simao, MSc, PhD
    Katia Regina Hostilio Cervantes Dias, BDS, MSc, PhD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e20

    This study used atomic force microscopy to evaluate the effects of an in-office dental bleaching protocol on the surface roughness of 3 resins: microfilled, microhybrid, and nanofilled. Based on the results, it was concluded that in-office bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide-based gel increased the surface roughness of microfilled, microhybrid, and nanofilled resins significantly.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Dental Materials An in vitro comparison of antimicrobial toothbrushes

    Jeremy D. Hamal, DDS, MS
    Donna M. Hensley, BS
    Steven C. Maller, DDS, MS
    Daniel J. Palazzolo, DDS, MS
    Kraig S. Vandewalle, DDS, MS
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e24. 

    The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of toothbrushes that advertise self-disinfecting, antimicrobial properties due to the inclusion of silver nanoparticles or chlorhexidine in the bristles. The chlorhexidine-coated toothbrushes had significantly greater percent reduction in S. mutans compared to the control or silver nanoparticle toothbrushes. Neither the chlorhexidine-coated nor the silver nanoparticle toothbrushes had a significant reduction in C. albicans compared to the control. Neither of the antimicrobial toothbrushes delivered the advertised claim of a 99.9% reduction with either microorganism.
    Full Article (PDF)
  • Medical Health History/Factors Evaluation of the association between periodontal disease and diabetic retinopathy

    Ruchi Banthia, MDS
    Sapna Raje
    Priyank Banthia, MDS
    Sudesh Kumar Saral, MBBS, DOMS
    Pallavi Singh 
    Santosh Gupta
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e28.

    This cross-sectional study of 100 type II diabetes patients aimed to evaluate the association of periodontal disease with the occurrence and severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR). The results showed a definite association between periodontal disease status and the occurrence of DR, although a cause and effect relationship could not be established.

     
    Full Article (PDF)
  • TM Disorders An association between temporomandibular disorder and gum chewing

    Diana Correia, DMD, MDent
    Maria Carlos Real Dias, DMD, MDent
    Antonio Moacho, DMD, MDent
    Pedro Crispim, DMD, MDent
    Henrique Luis, DMD, PhD 
    Miguel Oliveira, DMD, MDent
    Joao Carames, DMD, PhD
    2014 Nov/Dec; 62(6):e33.

    This single center, randomized, small study sought to investigate whether there is a relationship between gum chewing and the presence of symptoms associated with temporomandibular disorder. Arthralgia was reported in groups that chewed gum 3 hours/day and >3 hours/day. Myofascial pain was reported in groups that chewed <1 hour/day, 1-2 hours/day, and >3 hours/day. There was a connection between chewing gum more than once a week and masseter hypertrophy.
    Full Article (PDF)

2011

2010